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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2024-8-1-75-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-1022</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние  CD4+  клеточной  популяции и противотуберкулезной  терапии на клиренс коронавируса SARS-CoV-2  у пациентов   с инфекционным заболеванием  COVID-19  в сочетании   с туберкулезом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of the CD4+ T cell subset and anti-tubercular therapy  on SARS-CoV-2 clearance in patients with COVID-19  and tuberculosis co-infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9978-5156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цеймах</surname><given-names>И. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tseymakh</surname><given-names>I. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цеймах  Ирина  Яковлевна  – д-р   мед .  наук,  доцент, заведующий   кафедрой   пульмонологии  и фтизиатрии с курсом дополнительного профессионального  образования  ( ДПО)</p><p>656038,  г.  Барнаул, просп. Ленина, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Ya. Tseymakh – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology with a course of Advanced Vocational Education (AVE)</p><p>40, Lenina prosp., Barnaul, 656038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irintsei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8472-9386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семитко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semitko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семитко  Андрей  Павлович –  канд.  мед .  наук, доцент  кафедры пульмонологии  и  фтизиатрии  с курсом  ДПО; заведующий   отделением легочного   туберкулеза</p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey P. Semitko  – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology with a course of AVE</p><p>Barnaul</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-0069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богачев</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogachev</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богачев  Дмитрий   Евгеньевич –  ассистент   кафедры пульмонологии  и  фтизиатрии  с  курсом  ДПО</p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry E. Bogachev – Assistant, Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology with a course of AVE</p><p>Barnaul</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1722-651X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даулетова</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dauletova</surname><given-names>Ya. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даулетова  Янина  Анатольевна  – канд.  мед .  наук, доцент  кафедры  пульмонологии  и  фтизиатрии  с курсом  ДПО</p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yanina A. Dauletova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology with a course of AVE</p><p>Barnaul</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8781-3147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмакова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmakova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шмакова Анна  Алексеевна – врач-фтизиатр,  врач-инфекционист </p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Shmakova  – Tuberculosis Physician, Infectious Disease Physician</p><p>Barnaul</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный  медицинский университет»  Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Altai State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный  медицинский университет»  Минздрава России; КГБУЗ «Алтайский краевой  противотуберкулезный  диспансер»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Altai State Medical University; Altai Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">КГБУЗ «Алтайский краевой  противотуберкулезный  диспансер»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Altai Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цеймах И.Я., Семитко А.П., Богачев Д.Е., Даулетова Я.А., Шмакова А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цеймах И.Я., Семитко А.П., Богачев Д.Е., Даулетова Я.А., Шмакова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tseymakh I.Y., Semitko A.P., Bogachev D.E., Dauletova Y.A., Shmakova A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1022">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1022</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение . Пандемия коронавирусной инфекционной болезни (COVID-19) побудила к изучению проблем сочетанной патологии , включающих коморбидные широко распространенные и высоко патогенные инфекционные заболевания . Туберкулез продолжает оставаться социально и эпидемиологически значимым инфекционным заболеванием , способным оказывать негативное влияние на исходы у больных с сочетанной инфекцией COVID-19, в том числе из-за недостаточно изученного сопряжения патогенетических механизмов этих инфекционных заболеваний . Изучение факторов риска неблагоприятных исходов сочетанной инфекции туберкулеза и COVID-19 позволит улучшить управление этими болезнями.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние изменений популяций иммунокомпетентных клеток, специфических методов лечения на клиренс коронавируса SARS-CoV-2 в дыхательных путях больных COVID-19 в сочетании с туберкулезом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективном когортном клиническом исследовании проанализированы клинические характеристики и длительность элиминации коронавируса (SARS-CoV-2) из дыхательных путей у 76 госпитализированных пациентов с COVID-19 в сочетании с активным туберкулезом . В первую группу были включены 37 пациентов с COVID-19 в сочетании с активным туберкулезом органов дыхания или внелегочным туберкулезом без признаков лимфогенного или гематогенного распространения инфекции ( ТБ ОД/ ВЛ). Во вторую группу вошли 39 больных с COVID-19 в сочетании с диссеминированным туберкулезом ( ДТБ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При построении моделей множественной регрессии уровень CD4+ клеток менее 80 в 1 мкл был наиболее сильной детерминантой задержки элиминации SARS-CoV-2 из дыхательных путей с коэффициентом регрессии ( β ± m) 21.762 ± 6.250 ( p = 0.002) и 10.853 ± 4.220 ( p = 0.015) соответственно в первой и второй группах . В комплексе с длительностью противотуберкулезной терапии , проведением антиретровирусной терапии , анемией, содержанием тромбоцитов в крови эти факторы позволили прогнозировать 68.1 % значений дисперсии длительности элиминации SARS-CoV-2 из дыхательных путей больных с ТБ ОД/ВЛ и 42.7 % значений дисперсии этого показателя при сочетании с ДТБ .</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Снижение популяции CD4+ менее 80 кл./мкл , длительность интенсивной фазы противотуберкулезной терапии , проведение антиретровирусной терапии , анемия, количество тромбоцитов периферической крови оказывают комплексное влияние на удлинение сроков элиминации вируса SARS-CoV-2 из дыхательных путей больных COVID-19 в сочетании с туберкулезом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction.  The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has prompted the study of problems of comorbidities, including widespread and highly pathogenic comorbid infectious diseases. Tuberculosis continues to be major infectious disease in terms of social life and epidemiology that can have a negative impact on the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and other infectious diseases, including because of the association of pathogenetic mechanisms of these infectious diseases is still unclear. The study of risk factors for adverse outcomes of tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection will improve managing these diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the impact of changes in immunocompetent cell subsets and speci fi c treatment regimens on SARS-CoV-2 clearance in the respiratory tract of patients with COVID-19 and tuberculosis co-infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In a retrospective cohort clinical study we have analyzed the clinical characteristics and duration of elimination of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from the respiratory tract of 76 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and active tuberculosis. The first group included 37 patients with COVID-19 and active pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis without signs of lymphogenous or hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (TB P/EP). The second group included 39 patients with COVID-19 and disseminated tuberculosis (DTB).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. When constructing multiple regression models, the CD4+ count less than 80 cells/ μ l was the strongest determinant of delayed elimination of SARS-CoV-2 from the respiratory tract with a regression coefficient  ( β ± m) of 21.762 ± 6.250 (p = 0.002) and 10.853 ± 4.220 ( p = 0.015) in the  first and second groups, respectively. In combination with the duration of anti-tubercular therapy, antiretroviral therapy, anemia, and platelet count, these factors made it possible to predict a 68.1% variances in the duration of elimination of SARS-CoV-2 from the respiratory tract of patients with TB P/EP, and a 42.7% variances of this indicator in patient with COVID-19 and DTB co-infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A decrease in the CD4+ count less than 80 cells/μl, the duration of the intensive phase of anti-tubercular therapy, antiretroviral therapy, anemia, peripheral blood platelet count have a comprehensive impact on prolongation of SARS-CoV-2 elimination from the respiratory tract of patients with COVID-19 and tuberculosis co-infection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>клиренс  коронавируса SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>CD4+  лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>противотуберкулезная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2 clearance</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>CD4+ lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>anti-tuberculosis therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aggarwal A.N., Agarwal R., Dhooria S. et al. 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