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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2024-8-3-19-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-1071</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения морфометрических параметров периферических эндокринных желез и показателей микроструктуры, фазового состава биоминерала регенерата большеберцовых костей после длительного воздействия бензоата натрия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the morphometric parameters of the peripheral endocrine glands and microstructure indicators, phase composition of the biomineral of the regenerating tibias after long-term exposure to sodium benzoate</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1169-4285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозов Виталий Николаевич – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека.</p><p>308015, Белгород, ул. Победы, 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaliy N. Morozov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Belgorod National Research University.</p><p>85, Pobedy str., Belgorod, 308015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">morozov_v@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет» Министерства науки и высшего образования России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Морозов В.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Морозов В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Morozov V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1071">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1071</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>В в е д е н и е</title><p>В в е д е н и е. Бензоат натрия является консервантом, широко применяемым в пищевой промышленности для увеличения сроков хранения продуктов питания. Однако установлены его генотоксичные, гепато- и нефротоксичные свойства, что требует продолжения изучения его влияния на организм.</p></sec><sec><title>Ц е л ь</title><p>Ц е л ь. Изучить влияние 60-дневного воздействия бензоата натрия на структуру С-клеток щитовидной железы, главных паратироцитов околощитовидных желез и спонгиоцитов пучковой зоны надпочечников с учетом изменений микроструктуры и фазового состава биоминерала регенерата большеберцовых костей при моделировании механической травмы.</p><p>М а т е р и а л ы и м е т о д ы. Сто двадцать белых половозрелых крыс-самцов были разделены на четыре группы (по 30 особей в каждой). Животные 1-й и 2-й групп подвергались 60-дневному воздействию бензоата натрия в дозах 500 и 1000 мг/кг, после чего моделировали травму в большеберцовых костях. В 3-й группе вместо бензоата натрия животным вводился физиологический раствор. В 4-й группе крысы получали физиологической раствор без моделирования травмы большеберцовых костей. Изучение изменений цитоморфометрических параметров С-клеток щитовидной железы осуществлялось методом электронной микроскопии на 3-и и 24-е сутки после моделирования травмы большеберцовых костях. Изучение морфометрических параметров главных паратироцитов и спонгиоцитов пучковой зоны надпочечников проводилось методом световой микроскопии на 3-и, 10, 15, 24, 45-е сутки, а показателей, характеризующих микроструктуру и фазовый состав биоминерала регенерата костей – методом рентгеноструктурного анализа в эти же сроки.</p></sec><sec><title>Р е з у л ь т а т ы</title><p>Р е з у л ь т а т ы. В 1-й группе площадь, занимаемая эухроматином в ядрах С-клеток, значимо уменьшалась по сравнению с 3-й группой на 24-е сутки наблюдения на 21.13 %, а во 2-й группе на 3-и и 24-е сутки – на 5.83 и 16.29 %. В 1-й и 2-й группах на 3-и, 24-е сутки соотношение площадей эухроматина и гетерохроматина было меньше на 2.65, 22.25 и 6.69, 17.69 %, диаметр секреторных гранул – на 7.47, 15.43 и 8.92, 16.00 %. Количество ядер главных паратироцитов на единицу площади уменьшалось значимо только во 2-й группе с 3-х по 15-е сутки на 3.96, 3.34, 3.68 %, а индекс функциональной активности – на 3-и сутки на 6.34 %. Количество ядер спонгиоцитов на единицу площади в пучковой зоне значимо уменьшалось в обеих группах с 3-х по 45-е сутки на 2.87, 2.40 и 5.57, 3.91 %. В 1-й группе индекс функциональной активности спонгиоцитов был меньше лишь с 3-х по 15-е сутки на 7.20, 6.78, 4.54 %, а во второй группе – во все сроки на 10.73 и 7.23 %. В биоминерале регенерата большеберцовых костей у крыс 1-й группы выявлено значимое увеличение размера элементарных ячеек вдоль оси с на 15 и 24-е сутки на 0.23 и 0.17 %. Во 2-й группе увеличение размера элементарных ячеек вдоль оси а было значимым с 15-х по 45-е сутки на 0.28, 0.15, 0.13 %, а размера элементарных ячеек вдоль оси с – с 10-х по 45-е сутки на 0.18, 0.23, 0.21, 0.12 %. В этих же группах установлена значимая положительная связь между такими параметрами, как количество ядер главных паратироцитов, спонгиоцитов пучковой зоны и размером элементарных ячеек вдоль осей а, с, процентным содержанием витлокита, а связь между параметром «соотношение площадей эухроматина и гетерохроматина в ядрах С-клеток» была положительной на 3-и сутки и отрицательной на 24-е сутки.</p></sec><sec><title>З а к л ю ч е н и е</title><p>З а к л ю ч е н и е. Морфофункциональное состояние С-клеток, главных паратироцитов и спонгиоцитов пучковой зоны дозозависимо угнетается предшествующим 60-дневным введением бензоата натрия. Это сопровождается нарушением компенсаторно-восстановительных процессов в периоде репаративного остеогенеза. Методом корреляционного анализа установлены различные по силе и направленности связи между изменениями морфометрических параметров эндокринных желез и микроструктуры регенерата.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>I n t r o d u c t i o n</title><p>I n t r o d u c t i o n. Sodium benzoate is a preservative widely used in the food industry to increase the shelf life of food products. However, its genotoxic, hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic properties have been established, which requires further study of its eﬀects on the body.</p></sec><sec><title>A i m</title><p>A i m. To study the eﬀect of a 60-day exposure to sodium benzoate on the structure of the thyroid C-cells, the main parathyroid cells and the spongiocytes of the adrenal zona fasciculata, taking into account changes in the microstructure and phase composition of the biomineral of the regenerating tibias amid modeling a mechanical injury.</p><p>M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s. One hundred and twenty albino mature male rats were divided into four groups (30 animals in each group). Animals of groups 1 and 2 were exposed to sodium benzoate for 60 days at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg, after which a defect in the tibias was simulated. In group 3, instead of sodium benzoate, the animals were injected with saline solution. In group 4, rats received saline without simulating the tibial injury. The study of changes in the cytomorphometric parameters of the thyroid C-cells was carried out using electron microscopy on the 3rd and 24th days after defect modeling. The study of the morphometric parameters of the main parathyroid cells and spongiocytes of the adrenal zona fasciculata was carried out by light microscopy on days 3, 10, 15, 24, 45, and the indicators characterizing the microstructure and phase composition of the biomineral of the regenerating bones were studied by X-ray diﬀraction analysis at the same time points.</p></sec><sec><title>R e s u l t s</title><p>R e s u l t s. In group 1, the area occupied by euchromatin in the nuclei of C-cells significantly decreased compared to group 3 on the 24th day by 21.13%, and in group 2 on the 3rd and 24th day – by 5.83 and 16.29%. In groups 1 and 2, on the 3rd and 24th day, the ratio of euchromatin and heterochromatin areas was less by 2.65, 22.25 and 6.69, 17.69%, the diameter of secretory granules – by 7.47, 15.43 and 8.92, 16.00%. The number of nuclei of the main parathyroid cells per area unit decreased significantly only in group 2 from the 3rd to 24th day by 3.96, 3.34, 3.68%, and the functional activity index decreased on the 3rd day by 6.34%. The number of spongiocyte nuclei per area unit in the zona fasciculata decreased significantly in both groups from the 3rd to 45th day – by 2.87, 2.40 and 5.57, 3.91%. In the 1st group, the index of functional activity of spongiocytes was lower only from the 3rd to 15th day by 7.20, 6.78, 4.54%, and in the second group – in all time points by 10.73 and 7.23%. In the biomineral of the regenerating tibias in rats of group 1, a significant increase in the size of unit cells along the c axis was revealed on the 15th and 24th days by 0.23 and 0.17%. In group 2, the increase in the size of unit cells along the a axis was significant from the 15th to 45th day by 0.28, 0.15, 0.13%, and the increase in the size of the unit cells along the c axis was significant from the 10th to 45th day by 0.18, 0.23, 0.21, 0.12%. In same groups, a significant positive correlation was found between such parameters as the number of nuclei of the main parathyroid cells, spongiocytes of the zona fasciculata and the size of unit cells along the a, c axes, the percentage of whitlockite, and the correlation between the parameter “ratio of the areas of euchromatin and heterochromatin in the C-cell nuclei” was positive on the 3rd day and negative on the 24th day.</p></sec><sec><title>C o n c l u s i o n</title><p>C o n c l u s i o n. The morphofunctional state of C-cells, main parathyroid cells and spongiocytes of the zona fasciculata is dose-dependently inhibited by the previous 60-day administration of sodium benzoate. This is accompanied by alteration of compensatory and restorative processes during reparative osteogenesis. Using the correlation analysis, relationships of varying strength and direction were found between changes in the morphometric parameters of the endocrine glands and the microstructure of the regenerating bones.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>С-клетки</kwd><kwd>главные паратироциты</kwd><kwd>спонгиоциты пучковой зоны</kwd><kwd>морфометрические параметры</kwd><kwd>микроструктура и фазовый состав</kwd><kwd>регенерат</kwd><kwd>бензоат натрия</kwd><kwd>корреляционный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>C-cells</kwd><kwd>main parathyroid cells</kwd><kwd>spongiocytes of the zona fasciculata</kwd><kwd>morphometric parameters</kwd><kwd>microstructure and phase composition</kwd><kwd>regenerate</kwd><kwd>sodium benzoate</kwd><kwd>correlation analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миронов С.П., Еськин Н.А., Андреева Т.М. и др. 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