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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2024-8-4-51-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-1103</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ширина тел шейных позвонков и поперечных отверстий с учетом хода позвоночных артерий и дегенеративно-дистрофических изменений позвоночника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The width of the cervical vertebral bodies and transverse foramina with regard to the course of vertebral arteries and degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2085-0718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мошкин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moshkin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мошкин Андрей Сергеевич – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры анатомии, оперативной хирургии и медицины катастроф</p><p>302026, г. Орел, ул. Комсомольская, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey S. Moshkin – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Operative Surgery and Disaster Medicine</p><p>95, Komsomolskaya str., Orel, 302026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">as.moshkin@internet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9532-9957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николенко</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolenko</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николенко Владимир Николаевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой анатомии и гистологии человека; заведующий кафедрой нормальной и топографической анатомии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir N. Nikolenko – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Human Anatomy and Histology; Head, Department of Normal and Topographic Anatomy</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-0557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халилов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalilov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Халилов Максуд Абдуразакович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой анатомии, оперативной хирургии и медицины катастроф</p><p>Орел</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksud A. Khalilov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Anatomy, Operative Surgery and Disaster Medicine</p><p>Orel</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Орловский государственный университет им. И.С. Тургенева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University;Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мошкин А.С., Николенко В.Н., Халилов М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мошкин А.С., Николенко В.Н., Халилов М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Moshkin A.S., Nikolenko V.N., Khalilov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1103">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1103</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение . Шейный отдел позвоночника обладает высокой подвижностью и подвержен развитию дегенеративно-дистрофических изменений (ДДИ). Расширение диапазона возможностей клинической диагностики требует активной разработки алгоритмов для специализированных средств анализа информации. Данные об индивидуальной изменчивости скелета востребованы при планировании малоинвазивных хирургических вмешательств. Важной задачей для исследователей стало сопоставление таких наблюдений с данными клинической практики. Изучение анатомической изменчивости актуально при поиске более эффективных способов выполнения нейрохирургических вмешательств.Цель . Сравнительный анализ поперечных размеров тел шейных позвонков и поперечных отверстий с учетом хода позвоночных артерий (ПА) и проявлений ДДИ позвоночника.Материалы и методы . Изучены 214 магнитно-резонансных томограмм. Определяли поперечный размер (ширину) тел шейных позвонков и средний поперечный размер (ширину) поперечных отверстий (расстояние между медиальной и латеральной стенками поперечных отверстий). Для оценки пропорциональности отношений между вышеуказанными параметрами рассчитывали среднее отношение ширины поперечных отверстий к поперечному размеру тела соответствующего позвонка. С учетом ДДИ шейного отдела позвоночника и характера хода ПА выделены 4 группы: 1-я группа – без признаков ДДИ и непрямолинейным ходом ПА (n = 20); 2-я группа – без признаков ДДИ и прямолинейным ходом ПА (n = 89); 3-я группа – с признаками ДДИ и непрямолинейным ходом ПА (n = 49); 4-я группа – с признаками ДДИ и прямолинейным ходом ПА (n = 56).Результаты . Ширина поперечных отверстий позвонков С4–С6 различалась при сравнении 1-й и 2-й групп на 0.29–0.78 мм, при сравнении 1-й и 3-й групп – на 0.24–0.58 мм (слева отверстия были шире). Ширина тел позвонков С3, С6, С7 при сравнении 1-й и 4-й групп различалась на 0.8–1.2 мм; позвонков С3, С7 при сравнении 2-й и 3-й групп – на 0.35–0.53 мм. Средние значения отношения ширины поперечных отверстий к ширине тела позвонка во всех группах находились в диапазоне от 0.2 до 0.29. Значимыми были различия для позвонков С4–С6 при сравнении 1-й и 2-й групп; позвонков С4, С6 – 1-й и 3-й групп; позвонков С5, С6 – 1-й и 4-й групп.Заключение . При диагностике ДДИ позвоночника и различном характере хода ПА достоверные различия были установлены для ширины тел позвонков С6, С7. Значимых различий не было отмечено для ширины тел позвонков в группах, различающихся только характером хода сосудов. В случаях отсутствия ДДИ различия отмечены для ширины поперечных отверстий позвонков С4–С6 и их отношения к ширине тел позвонков. При прямолинейном ходе сосудов статистически значимых различий, связанных с выявлением ДДИ, для позвонков и поперечных отверстий отмечено не было.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The cervical spine has a high mobility and is prone to the development of degenerative and dystrophic changes (DDCH). Expanding the range of clinical diagnostic capabilities requires the active development of algorithms for specialized information analysis tools. Data on individual variability of the skeleton are in demand when planning minimal invasive surgical interventions. The comparison of such information with clinical practice data has become an important task for researchers. The study of anatomical variability is relevant in the search for more effective ways of performing neurosurgical interventions.Aim. A comparative analysis of transverse dimensions of the cervical vertebral bodies and transverse foramina in relation to the course of the vertebral arteries (VA) and manifestations of spinal DDCH.M a t e r i a l s  a n d  m e t h o d s . A total of 214 magnetic resonance images were studied. The transverse size (width) of the cervical vertebral bodies and the average transverse size (width) of the transverse foramina (the distance between the medial and lateral walls of the transverse foramina) were determined. To assess the proportionality of the relationship between the abovementioned parameters, the average ratio of the transverse foramen width to the width of the body of the corresponding vertebra was calculated. Considering the DDCH of the cervical spine and the course of VA, 4 groups were identified: 1st group – without signs of DDCH and indirect VA (n = 20); 2nd group – without signs of DDCH and direct VA (n = 89); 3rd group – with signs of DDCH and indirect VA (n = 49); 4th group – with signs of DDCH and direct VA (n = 56).Results. The width of the transverse foramina of the C4–C6 vertebrae differed by 0.29–0.78 mm when comparing the 1st and 2nd groups, by 0.24–0.58 mm when comparing the 1st and 3rd groups (foramina on the left side were wider). The width of the C3, C6, C7 vertebral bodies when comparing the 1st and 4th groups diff ered by 0.8–1.2 mm; at the level of C3, C7 when comparing the 2nd and 3rd groups – by 0.35–0.53 mm. The mean values of the transverse foramina width/vertebral body width ratio in all groups ranged from 0.2 to 0.29. Signifi cant differences were found for the C4–C6 vertebrae when comparing the 1st and 2nd groups; for the C4, C6 vertebrae – the 1st and 3rd groups; for the C5, C6 vertebrae – the 1st and 4th groups.C o n c l u s i o n . In the diagnosis of spinal DDCH and the diff erent course of VA, significant differences were found for the vertebral body width at the level of C6, C7. No significant differences were noted for the vertebral body width in groups differing only in the course of VA. In the absence of DDCH, diff erences were revealed for the transverse foramina width of the C4–C6 vertebrae and the ratio of the width of transverse foramina to vertebral body width. With the direct course of the vessels, there were no statistically significant differences associated with the detection of DDCH for the vertebrae and transverse foramina.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шейные позвонки</kwd><kwd>поперечные отверстия</kwd><kwd>ширина тела позвонка</kwd><kwd>ширина поперечных отверстий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cervical vertebrae</kwd><kwd>transverse foramina</kwd><kwd>vertebral body width</kwd><kwd>width of transverse foramina</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамов А.С., Терновой С.К., Серова Н.С. Возможности рентгеновских методов диагностики в оценке нестабильности позвоночно-двигательных сегментов шейного отдела позвоночника // Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2019;3:184.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramov A.S., Ternovoy S.K., Serova N.S. 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