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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2025-9-3-109-127</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-1233</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аудиовизуальная и магнитная стимуляция головного мозга в реабилитации постинсультных когнитивных нарушений (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Audiovisual and magnetic brain stimulation in rehabilitation of post-stroke cognitive impairment (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-3071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дробышев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drobyshev</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дробышев Виктор Анатольевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии и медицинской реабилитации</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor A. Drobyshev – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation</p><p>52, Krasny prosp., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctorvik@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-2205</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щепанкевич</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchepankevich</surname><given-names>L. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щепанкевич Лариса Александровна – д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой неврологии</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa A. Shchepankevich – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Neurology</p><p>52, Krasny prosp., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7461-4782</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белик</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belik</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белик Дмитрий Васильевич – д-р техн. наук, генеральный директор</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Belik – Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Director Generale</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0294-896X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шекалов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shekalov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шекалов Александр Валерьевич – директор по научной и технической деятельности</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Shekalov – Director of Scientifi c and Technical Activities</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4280-9217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамович</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramovich</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абрамович Станислав Григорьевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой физической и реабилитационной медицины</p><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav G. Abramovich – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine</p><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5218-1163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агасаров</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agasarov</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агасаров Лев Георгиевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lev G. Agasarov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-7551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпагина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpagina</surname><given-names>L. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шпагина Любовь Анатольевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии и медицинской реабилитации</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov A. Shpagina – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Hospital Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation</p><p>52, Krasny prosp., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-3292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономарева Мария Сергеевна – старший лаборант кафедры неврологии</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Ponomareva – Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Neurology</p><p>52, Krasny prosp., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3446-8018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кармановская</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmanovskaya</surname><given-names>S. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кармановская Светлана Александровна – д-р мед. наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии и медицинской реабилитации</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Karmanovskaya – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation</p><p>52, Krasny prosp., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЗАО «Сибирский научно-исследовательский и испытательный центр медицинской техники»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian Scientifi c-Research and Test Centre for Biomedical Engineering</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр реабилитации и курортологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>127</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дробышев В.А., Щепанкевич Л.А., Белик Д.В., Шекалов А.В., Абрамович С.Г., Агасаров Л.Г., Шпагина Л.А., Пономарева М.С., Кармановская С.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дробышев В.А., Щепанкевич Л.А., Белик Д.В., Шекалов А.В., Абрамович С.Г., Агасаров Л.Г., Шпагина Л.А., Пономарева М.С., Кармановская С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Drobyshev V.А., Shchepankevich L.А., Belik D.V., Shekalov А.V., Abramovich S.G., Agasarov L.G., Shpagina L.А., Ponomareva M.S., Karmanovskaya S.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1233">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1233</self-uri><abstract><p>Инсульт представляет собой актуальную медицинскую проблему, приводящую к значительным социально-экономическим потерям. Постинсультные когнитивные нарушения отрицательно влияют на результаты реабилитации, увеличивают вероятность повторного инсульта и преждевременной смерти. В борьбе с постинсультными нарушениями когнитивных функций значимое место отводится использованию неинвазивных стимуляторов мозга физической природы – аудиовизуальной стимуляции головного мозга (ГМ), транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции и транскраниальной электрической стимуляции постоянным или импульсным токами. Механизм аудиовизуального воздействия на состояние ГМ обусловлен формированием доминирующего ритма электрокортикальной активности, биологические эффекты слабых магнитных полей определяются химическими процессами, ответственными за ферментативный синтез ДНК, способный стимулировать процессы нейропластичности у перенесших инсульт пациентов и влиять на состояние когнитивных функций. Наиболее перспективными в лечении постинсультных когнитивных нарушений считаются современные направления транскраниальной магнитостимуляции (ТМС): высокочастотной или низкочастотной ритмической ТМС, прерывистой тета-импульсной стимуляции, продемонстрировавшие безопасность и эффективность. В комплексе реабилитационных программ для восстановления постинсультного когнитивного дефицита в последние годы широко используются мультимодальные воздействия, включающие физические упражнения, ходьбу, когнитивные и аэробные тренировки.</p><p>Представленные в обзоре данные свидетельствуют о том, что включение транскраниальной низко- и высокоинтенсивной импульсной магнитотерапии, аудиовизуальной стимуляции структур ГМ в реабилитационные комплексы пациентов с последствиями ишемических инсультов способствует улучшению внимания, речи, гнозиса, отсроченной памяти и ориентации, повышают функциональный уровень ЦНС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stroke is a pressing medical problem that causes signifi cant socio-economic losses. Post-stroke cognitive impairment negatively aff ects rehabilitation outcomes, increases the likelihood of recurrent stroke and premature death. In the management of post-stroke cognitive impairment, signifi cant attention is paid to the use of non-invasive physical brain stimulation – audiovisual stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct or alternating current electrical stimulation. The mechanism of audiovisual impact on the state of the brain is due to the formation of a dominant rhythm of electrocortical activity, the biological eff ects of weak magnetic fi elds are determined by chemical processes responsible for enzymatic DNA synthesis, which can stimulate processes of neuroplasticity in stroke patients and aff ect the cognitive functions. The most promising in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment are considered to be modern directions of TMS: high-frequency or low-frequency repetitive TMS (rTMS), intermittent theta pulse stimulation, which have demonstrated safety and eff ectiveness. In recent years, in the set of rehabilitation programs for the recovery of poststroke cognitive defi cit multimodal interventions have been widely used, including physical exercises, walking, cognitive and aerobic training.</p><p>The data presented in the review indicate that the inclusion of transcranial low- and high-intensity pulsed magnetic fi eld therapy, audiovisual stimulation of brain structures into rehabilitation programs for post-ischemic stroke patients contributes to the improvement of attention, speech, gnosis, delayed memory and orientation, and increases the functional level of the central nervous system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аудиовизуальная стимуляция</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалограмма</kwd><kwd>альфа-ритм</kwd><kwd>тета-ритм</kwd><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>полимодальная стимуляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>audiovisual stimulation</kwd><kwd>transcranial magnetic stimulation</kwd><kwd>electroencephalogram</kwd><kwd>alpha rhythm</kwd><kwd>theta rhythm</kwd><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>multimodal stimulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powers W.J., Rabinstein A.A., Ackerson T. et al. 2018 Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association // Stroke. 2018;49(3):e46- e110. 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