jsmsJournal of Siberian Medical SciencesJournal of Siberian Medical Sciences2542-1174Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)10.31549/2542-1174-2025-9-3-128-159jsms-1234Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWИстория становления учения о прелимфатических путях транспорта жидкости в интерстицииThe history of the question of prelymphatic fl uid transport pathways in the interstitium (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6970-5960ШариковЮ. Н.SharikovYu. N.

Шариков Юрий Николаевич – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры физических методов лечения с курсом клинической лимфологии и эндоэкологии

Москва

Yuriy N. Sharikov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Physical Methods of Treatment with a Course of Clinical Lymphology and Endoecology

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8746-1015ЦветковаТ. Ю.TsvetkovaТ. Yu.

Цветкова Татьяна Юрьевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент, независимый исследователь

117485, г. Москва, ул. ак. Волгина, 19

Tatyana Yu. Tsvetkova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

19, acad. Volgin str., Moscow, 117485

Tsvetkova_Tatyana@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8572-6174ЭсауловаТ. А.EsaulovaТ. А.

Эсаулова Татьяна Алексеевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии

Астрахань

Tatyana A. Esaulova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy

Astrakhan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-6457ЧеркасоваВ. Г.CherkasovaV. G.

Черкасова Вера Георгиевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры неврологии с курсами нейрохирургии, превентивной медицины и технологий здоровье-сбережения

Москва

Vera G. Cherkasova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Neurology with courses of Neurosurgery, Preventive Medicine and Health-Saving Technologies

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6821-9007БазаеваО. В.BazaevaО. V.

Базаева Ольга Викторовна – врач-гастроэнтеролог

Астрахань

Olga V. Bazaeva – Gastroenterologist, Medical Center “Origo”

Astrakhan

ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»РоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice LumumbaRussian FederationНезависимый исследовательРоссияIndependent researcherRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияAstrakhan State Medical UniversityRussian FederationМедико-биологический университет инноваций и непрерывного образования ФГБУ ГНЦ ФМБЦ им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА РоссииРоссияMedical and Biological University of Innovations and Continuous Education, Federal Medical and Biological Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of RussiaRussian FederationМедицинский центр «Ориго»РоссияMedical Сenter “Origo”Russian Federation20250210202503128159Copyright © Шариков Ю.Н., Цветкова Т.Ю., Эсаулова Т.А., Черкасова В.Г., Базаева О.В., 20252025Шариков Ю.Н., Цветкова Т.Ю., Эсаулова Т.А., Черкасова В.Г., Базаева О.В.Sharikov Y.N., Tsvetkova Т.Y., Esaulova Т.А., Cherkasova V.G., Bazaeva О.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1234

В данном обзоре в историческом аспекте рассмотрены вопросы зарождения и смены представлений о путях движения жидкости в интерстиции (прелимфатические пути). В XVI–XVIII веках гипотеза о наличии связи между артериальным и лимфатическим руслом прошла путь от представлений о существовании артериальных лимфатиков (позже vasa serosa, соковые канальцы), представляющих собой тончайшие сосуды, до бессосудистых прелимфатических путей, к которым современные исследователи относят не только тканевые каналы, но также парафибриллярные, пара(пери-)васкулярные и периневральные пути. Также в литературе описаны поры и наноканалы интерстиция. Такая эволюция взглядов произошла благодаря многочисленным опытам по идентифицированию прелимфатических путей с помощью инъекции лимфатических путей и интерстиция, использования капсул Guyton разной формы с отверстиями с введенными в них красителями и электронной микроскопии. Эти исследования показали, что интерстициальные пути имеют опосредованное сообщение с сосудистым руслом и в них отсутствует эндотелиальная выстилка. Это позволило считать прелимфатические пути самостоятельными образованиями, не относящимися ни к кровеносной, ни к лимфатической системам. Но исторически за ними закрепилось название прелимфатические пути, и изучают их вместе с лимфатической системой. В работе также затронут еще один терминологический вопрос о корнях лимфатической системы, к которым подавляющее большинство ученых относят лимфатические капилляры, а не прелимфатические пути.

The historical aspects of the origin and evolution of ideas about fl uid fl ow pathways (prelymphatic pathways) in the interstitium are examined in this review. In the 16th–18th centuries, the hypothesis of communication between the arterial and lymphatic vessels evolved from ideas about the existence of arterial lymphatics (later vasa serosa, juice canals), which are the thinnest vessels, to non-vascular prelymphatic pathways, which include not only tissue channels, but also parafi brillary, para(peri-)vascular and perineural pathways according to advanced studies. The literature also describes pores and nanochannels of the interstitium. This evolution of views occurred due to numerous researches aimed to identify prelymphatic pathways using tracer injections of the lymphatic pathways and interstitium, the implantation of Guyton capsules of various shapes with orifi ces opened into the interstitium and subsequent electron microscopy. These studies showed that interstitial pathways have indirect communication with the vascular bed, and they lack the endothelial lining. This allowed prelymphatic pathways to be considered independent entities that do not relate to either the blood circulatory or lymphatic systems. But historically, they have been called prelymphatic pathways, and they are studied together with the lymphatic system. The paper also concerns another terminological issue about the roots of the lymphatic system to which the vast majority of scientists attribute lymphatic capillaries, but not prelymphatic pathways.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.