jsmsJournal of Siberian Medical SciencesJournal of Siberian Medical Sciences2542-1174Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)10.31549/2542-1174-2026-10-1-157-169jsms-1329Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL RESEARCHИммунопатогенез нейровоспаления – современная концепция (обзор литературы)Immunopathogenesis of neuroinflammation – a modern concept (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0982-6952КарповичГ. С.KarpovichG. S.

Карпович Глеб Сергеевич – канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней; врач-инфекционист, заведующий детским инфекционным отделением № 1 

630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52

Gleb S. Karpovich – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant, Department of Infectious Diseases; nfectious Diseases Physician, Head of the Children’s Infectious Diseases Department No. 1

52, Krasny prosp., Novosibirsk, 630091

karpovich.gleb@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-6722-5124АндреевС. С.AndreevS. S.

Андреев Семен Сергеевич – ординатор кафедры педиатрии

Новосибирск

Semyon S. Andreev – Medical Resident, Department of Pediatrics

Novosibirsk 

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4727-1636КуимоваИ. В.KuimovaI. V.

Куимова Ирина Валентиновна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней

Новосибирск 

Irina V. Kuimova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases

Novosibirsk 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-1799ОбуховаО. О.ObukhovaО. О.

Обухова Ольга Олеговна – д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель лаборатории иммунологии

Новосибирск 

Olga O. Obukhova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher, Head, Laboratory of Immunology

Novosibirsk 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-0078РябиченкоТ. И.RyabichenkoT. I.

Рябиченко Татьяна Ивановна – д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии

Новосибирск 

Tatiana I. Ryabichenko – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology

Novosibirsk 

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9968-3957ЗаляловВ. Ф.ZalyalovV. F.

Залялов Валентин Федорович – врач-педиатр 

Новосибирск 

Valentin F. Zalyalov – Pediatrician 

Novosibirsk 

ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России ; ГБУЗ НСО «Детская городская клиническая больница № 3»РоссияNovosibirsk State Medical University ; Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 3Russian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNovosibirsk State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины»РоссияFederal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational MedicineRussian FederationГБУЗ НСО «Детская городская клиническая больница № 3»РоссияChildren’s City Clinical Hospital No. 3Russian Federation20262903202601157169Copyright © Карпович Г.С., Андреев С.С., Куимова И.В., Обухова О.О., Рябиченко Т.И., Залялов В.Ф., 20262026Карпович Г.С., Андреев С.С., Куимова И.В., Обухова О.О., Рябиченко Т.И., Залялов В.Ф.Karpovich G.S., Andreev S.S., Kuimova I.V., Obukhova О.О., Ryabichenko T.I., Zalyalov V.F.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1329

Нейровоспаление – состояние, характеризующееся широким спектром различий как в отношении клеточных элементов, участвующих в инициации этого процесса (микроглия, астроциты), так и в отношении его патогенеза в целом. Отсутствие единого мнения по вопросу патогенетических моделей нейровоспаления лишь подчеркивает недостаточную изученность данного патологического феномена. В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются особенности нейровоспаления как явления на примере модели инфекционных заболеваний центральной нервной системы, таких как менингиты. Несмотря на особенности собственно нейровоспаления, в его эффекторные механизмы вовлечены те же цитокины, что и при «классическом» варианте воспаления (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, IFN-γ и др.). Это позволяет рассматривать данные молекулы как потенциальные мишени воздействия, позволяющие предотвращать как развитие острого воспаления, так и хронического процесса, связанного с долгосрочными неврологическими и когнитивными нарушениями.

Neuroinflammation is a condition characterized by a wide range of differences both in the cellular elements involved in this process (microglia, astrocytes) and in its pathogenesis as a whole. The lack of consensus on the pathogenetic models of neuroinflammation only highlights the insufficient study of this pathological phenomenon. This review examines the characteristics of neuroinflammation as a phenomenon using infectious diseases of the central nervous system, such as meningitis. Despite the specific peculiarities of neuroinflammation itself, its effector mechanisms involve the same cytokines as those found in “classical” inflammation (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, IFN-γ, etc.). This allows these molecules to be considered as potential targets, enabling the prevention of both acute inflammation and chronic processes associated with long-term neurological and cognitive impairment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.