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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2021-4-53-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-776</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфологическая характеристика коронавирусной инфекции первой и второй волн пандемии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological characteristic of coronavirus infection of the first and second waves of the pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надеев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadeev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надеев Александр Петрович  — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой патологической анатомии </p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr P. Nadeev  — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Pathological Anatomy </p><p>52, Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, 630091 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadeevngma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозов Дмитрий Вильевич — канд. мед. наук, заведующий патолого-анатомическим отделением </p><p>Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Morozov — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head, Pathological and Anatomical Unit </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Травин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Travin</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Травин Михаил Андреевич — канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры патологической анатомии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Travin — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathological Anatomy </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Низовцев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizovtsev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Низовцев Кирилл Алексеевич — студент 4-го курса </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill A. Nizovtsev — Four-year Student </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марзан</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marzan</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марзан Кирилл Николаевич — врач-патологоанатом </p><p>Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill N. Marzan — Pathologist </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слободина</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slobodina</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Слободина Ольга Николаевна — канд. мед. наук, врач-патологоанатом </p><p>Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Slobodina — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Pathologist </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнякова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignyakova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнякова Мария Сергеевна—врач-патологоанатом </p><p>Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Ignyakova — Pathologist </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошлич</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koshlich</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кошлич Ксения Александровна — аспирант кафедры патологической анатомии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya A. Koshlich — Post-graduate Student, Department of Pathological Anatomy </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селякова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selyakova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селякова Мария Сергеевна — канд. мед. наук, старший преподаватель кафедры патологической анатомии; врач-патологоанатом </p><p>Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya S. Selyakova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Lecturer, Department of Pathological Anatomy; Pathologist </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселева Татьяна Вячеславовна — д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Kiseleva — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсянко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsyanko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Овсянко Елена Владимировна — д-р мед. наук, доцент кафедры анатомии человека им. Ю.И. Бородина  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Ovsyanko — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor, Department of Human Anatomy named after Yu.I. Borodin </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НСО «Городская клиническая больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ НСО «Городская клиническая больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Надеев А.П., Морозов Д.В., Травин М.А., Низовцев К.А., Марзан К.Н., Слободина О.Н., Игнякова М.С., Кошлич К.А., Селякова М.С., Киселева Т.В., Овсянко Е.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Надеев А.П., Морозов Д.В., Травин М.А., Низовцев К.А., Марзан К.Н., Слободина О.Н., Игнякова М.С., Кошлич К.А., Селякова М.С., Киселева Т.В., Овсянко Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nadeev A.P., Morozov D.V., Travin M.A., Nizovtsev K.A., Marzan K.N., Slobodina O.N., Ignyakova M.S., Koshlich K.A., Selyakova M.S., Kiseleva T.V., Ovsyanko E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/776">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/776</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Особенностью первых двух волн эпидемии новой коронавирусной инфекции явилось то, что в период их развития только разрабатывались методы диагностики, схемы лечения и противоэпидемические меры, отсутствовали вакцины и не проводилась массовая вакцинация населения. В этой связи для пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции первых двух волн характерно спонтанное развитие заболевания.Цель. Сравнительное изучение морфологических и клинических особенностей новой коронавирусной инфекции в 1-ю и 2-ю волну эпидемии в 2020 г.Материалы и методы. Проанализированы протоколы патолого-анатомических исследований умерших пациентов в ГБУЗ НСО «Городская клиническая больница № 1» (Новосибирск) во время 1-й (май – июнь 2020 г.) (1-я группа) и 2-й (октябрь – декабрь 2020 г.) (2-я группа) волн пандемии. В 1-ю группу включены 30 случаев, из них 14 женщин (46.7 %) и 16 мужчин (53.3 %), во 2-ю — 110 наблюдений, из них 43 женщины (39.1 %) и 67 мужчин (60.9 %). Во всех случаях у пациентов было подтверждено наличие РНК вируса SARS-CoV-2 методом ПЦР в назофарингеальных мазках.Результаты. Новую коронавирусную инфекцию (U07.1) как основное заболевание и в 1-ю, и во 2-ю волну регистрировали в более чем 66 % наблюдений. Среди коморбидной патологии преобладали заболевания органов кровообращения, эндокринных органов (прежде всего сахарный диабет и ожирение), почек и мочевыводящих путей, в основном хронический пиелонефрит. COVID-пневмония носила преимущественно двусторонний полисегментарный серозно-геморрагический характер, однако в 1-ю волну пандемии частота субтотальных и серозногнойных пневмоний была большей, чем у пациентов, госпитализированных во 2-ю волну. Диффузное альвеолярное повреждение легких в 1-ю волну эпидемии характеризовалось преобладанием ранней (экссудативной) фазы, в отличие от 2-й волны, для которой было характерно преобладание у пациентов поздней (продуктивной) фазы. Среди гистологических признаков в легких у пациентов 1-й волны преобладали признаки экссудативного воспаления и геморрагических расстройств (нейтрофилы в альвеолах, инфаркты, обусловленные тромбозом и тромбоэмболией легочных артерий, наличием гиалиновых мембран). Во 2-ю волну в легких чаще встречались признаки продуктивного воспаления (преобладание макрофагов в альвеолах, организующаяся пневмония (пневмофиброз), плоскоклеточная метаплазия).Заключение. Различия течения новой коронавирусной инфекции в 1-ю и 2-ю волну эпидемии 2020 г. касались прежде всего частоты и структуры коморбидной патологии и уровня полиморбидности, которые были выше у пациентов, заболевших во 2-ю волну. Тяжесть поражения легких у пациентов 2-й волны была выражена в меньшей степени: реже встречались субтотальные двусторонние пневмонии, более часто — нижнедолевые серозногнойные пневмонии. Диффузное альвеолярное повреждение легких в 1-ю волну эпидемии характеризовалось преобладанием ранней (экссудативной) фазы, в отличие от 2-й волны, для которой было характерно преобладание у пациентов поздней (продуктивной) фазы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. A peculiarity of the first two waves of the epidemic of a novel coronavirus infection was that during their development only diagnostic methods, treatment regimens and anti-epidemic measures were only being developed, there were no vaccines and no mass vaccination was carried out. In this regard, the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection of the first two waves is characterized by spontaneous progression of the disease.Aim of the research. Comparative study of morphological and clinical features of the novel coronavirus infection in the 1st and 2nd waves of the pandemic in 2020.Materials and methods. The autopsy protocols of deceased patients at the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Novosibirsk) during the 1st (May — June 2020) (1st group) and 2nd (October — December 2020) (2nd group) waves of the epidemic were analyzed. The 1st group included 30 cases, that is 14 women (46.7%) and 16 men (53.3%), in the 2nd — 110 cases, of which 43 were women (39.1%) and 67 – men (60.9%). In all cases, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs from the patients was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction.Results. The novel coronavirus infection (coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), ICD-10 code: U07.1) as the principal diagnosis in both the 1st and 2nd waves was recorded in more than 66% of observations. Among the comorbidities, the circulatory and endocrine disorders (primarily diabetes mellitus and obesity), kidneys and urinary tract diseases, mainly chronic pyelonephritis, prevailed. The COVID-19 pneumonia was predominantly bilateral polysegmental serоhemorrhagic in nature, however, in the 1st wave of the pandemic, the frequency of subtotal and seropurulent pneumonias was higher than in patients hospitalized during the 2nd wave. Diffuse alveolar damage in the 1st wave of the epidemic was characterized by the predominance of the early (exudative) phase of inflammation, in contrast to the 2nd wave, which was characterized by the predominance of the late (productive) phase in patients. Histologically, in patients of the 1st wave, the signs of exudative inflammation and hemorrhagic phenomena (with neutrophils and hyaline membranes in the alveoli, infarctions caused by thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism) prevailed. In the 2nd wave, signs of productive inflammation were more common in the lungs (predominance of macrophages in the alveoli, organizing pneumonia (pneumofibrosis), squamous cell metaplasia).Conclusion. The differences in the course of the novel coronavirus infection in the 1st and 2nd waves of the 2020 epidemic concerned primarily the frequency and structure of comorbidities and the level of polymorbidity, which were higher in patients during the 2nd wave. The severity of lung damage in patients of the 2nd wave was less pronounced: subtotal bilateral pneumonias were less common, lower lobe seropurulent pneumonias were more common. Diffuse alveolar damage in the 1st wave of the epidemic was characterized by the predominance of the early (exudative) phase, in contrast to the 2nd wave, which was characterized by the predominance of the late, productive phase of inflammation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>аутопсия</kwd><kwd>патологическая анатомия</kwd><kwd>пневмония</kwd><kwd>диффузное альвеолярное повреждение легких</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>autopsy</kwd><kwd>pathological anatomy</kwd><kwd>pneumonia</kwd><kwd>diffuse alveolar damage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo Y.R., Cao Q.D., Hong Z.S. et al. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak — an update on the status // Mil. Med. Res. 2020. 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