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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2022-6-4-145-160</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-872</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные аспекты COVID-19 у ВИЧ-инфицированных (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern aspects of COVID-19 in HIV-positive patients (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Вячеславович Капустин, канд. мед. наук, ассистент</p><p>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет»</p><p>кафедра инфекционных болезней</p><p>630091</p><p>Красный просп., 52</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Kapustin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant</p><p>Department of Infectious Diseases</p><p>630091</p><p>52, Krasny prosp.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">geksogen08@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3168-9309</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnovа</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Игоревна Краснова, д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет»</p><p>кафедра инфекционных болезней</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Krasnova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head</p><p>Department of Infectious Diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хохлова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khokhlova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Игоревна Хохлова, канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет»</p><p>кафедра инфекционных болезней</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Khokhlova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>Department of Infectious Diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вера Гаврииловна Кузнецова, д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет»</p><p>кафедра инфекционных болезней</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera G. Kuznetsova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>Department of Infectious Diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тырышкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyryshkin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Игоревич Тырышкин, студент</p><p>5-ый курс</p><p>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет»</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr I. Tyryshkin, 5-year Student</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позднякова</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakova</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лариса Леонидовна Позднякова, канд. мед. наук, врач-инфекционист, главный врач</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa L. Pozdnyakova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Infectious Diseases Physician, Chief Physician</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Минздрав России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ НСО «Городская инфекционная клиническая больница № 1»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">City Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No. 1<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Капустин Д.В., Краснова Е.И., Хохлова Н.И., Кузнецова В.Г., Тырышкин А.И., Позднякова Л.Л., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Капустин Д.В., Краснова Е.И., Хохлова Н.И., Кузнецова В.Г., Тырышкин А.И., Позднякова Л.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kapustin D.V., Krasnovа E.I., Khokhlova N.I., Kuznetsova V.G., Tyryshkin A.I., Pozdnyakova L.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/872">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/872</self-uri><abstract><p>   Представленная статья посвящена глобальным проблемам современной медицины – ВИЧ-инфекции и пандемии COVID-19. В обзоре литературы освещаются современные представления о патогенезе и особенностях течения COVID-19 на фоне ВИЧ-инфекции, а также затрагиваются проблемы сопутствующей соматической патологии и ментального здоровья пациентов с ВИЧ на фоне пандемии COVID-19. Показано, что ВИЧ-инфицированные пациенты являются группой риска по тяжелому течению COVID-19, в частности, к особо уязвимой категории относятся лица с тяжелым иммунодефицитом (CD4+ Т-лимфоциты ≤ 200 кл/мкл) за счет развития комбинированного поражения легких SARS-CoV-2 и вторичными инфекционными агентами, такими как цитомегаловирус и Pneumocystis carinii. Доказано, что одной из мишеней вируса SARS-CoV-2 являются CD4+ Т-лимфоциты, что при COVID-19 приводит к более быстрому прогрессированию иммунодефицита у больных с ВИЧ-инфекцией и, таким образом, существенно повышает риск присоединения вторичных заболеваний и летального исхода. Особое внимание следует уделять людям, живущим с ВИЧ, среднего и пожилого возраста, у которых, по сравнению с ВИЧ-негативными пациентами, чаще регистрируется сопутствующая соматическая патология – артериальная гипертензия, кардиомиопатия и сахарный диабет, относящаяся к факторам риска тяжелого течения COVID-19. Результаты исследований по влиянию антиретровирусных препаратов на течение COVID-19 показали, что ВИЧ-инфицированные пациенты, получающие тенофовир + эмтрицитабин, имеют более низкий риск тяжелого течения COVID-19 и связанной с ним госпитализации, чем пациенты, получающие другие схемы лечения ВИЧ-инфекции. Клинические и доклинические данные свидетельствуют о возможности потенциального использования тенофовира в лечении новой коронавирусной инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The article is devoted to the global problems of modern medicine – HIV infection and the COVID-19 pandemic. The review of the literature highlights current ideas about the pathogenesis and course of COVID-19 in patients with HIV infection, and also touches upon the problems of concomitant pathology and mental health of patients with HIV in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been shown that HIV-positive patients are a risk group for the severe course of COVID-19, in particular, individuals with severe immunodefi ciency (CD4+ T lymphocytes ≤ 200 cells/μl) due to the development of synergetic lung damage by SARS-CoV-2 and secondary infectious agents such as cytomegalovirus and Pneumocystis carinii. It has been proven that one of the targets of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is CD4+ T cells, which in COVID-19 leads to a more rapid progression of immunodefi ciency in patients with HIV infection and, thus, signifi cantly increases the risk of secondary diseases and death. Particular attention should be paid to middle-aged and elderly people living with HIV, who, compared with HIV-negative patients, are more likely to have concomitant pathology – arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathy and diabetes mellitus, which are the risk factors for severe COVID-19. The results of studies on the eff ect of antiretroviral drugs on the course of COVID-19 showed that HIV-infected patients receiving tenofovir + emtricitabine have a lower risk of severe COVID-19 and associated hospitalization than patients receiving other HIV treatment regimens. Clinical and preclinical data support the potential use of tenofovir in the treatment of novel coronavirus infection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>СПИД</kwd><kwd>инфекционные болезни</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>респираторный дистресс-синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>AIDS</kwd><kwd>infectious diseases</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>respiratory distress syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ. Основные факты. URL: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids (дата обращения: 15. 04. 2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">HIV. Basic facts. 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URL: https://minzdrav.gov.ru/news/2021/07/06/16948-aleksey-mazus-vich-infektsiya-ne-yavlyaetsya-protivopokazaniem-k-vaktsinatsii-ot-covid-19 (accessed 22. 04. 2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
