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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2023-7-2-62-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-916</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микросателлитная нестабильность и гиперпластические процессы слизистой оболочки матки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microsatellite instability and hyperplastic processes of the uterine mucosa</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-7671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казачков</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachkov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казачков Евгений Леонидович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой патологической анатомии и судебной медицины им. проф. В.Л. Коваленко</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny L. Kazachkov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, V.L. Kovalenko Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9245-3749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Затворницкая</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zatvornitskaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Затворницкая Александра Вадимовна – канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии и судебной медицины им. проф. В.Л. Коваленко</p><p>454092, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Zatvornitskaya – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant, V.L. Kovalenko Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine</p><p>64, Vorovskogo str., Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monostyle@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1175-4479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казачкова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казачкова Элла Алексеевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ella A. Kazachkova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0800-3380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воропаева</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voropaeva</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воропаева Екатерина Евгеньевна – д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры патологической анатомии и судебной медицины им. проф. В.Л. Коваленко</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina E. Voropaeva – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor, V.L. Kovalenko Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казачков Е.Л., Затворницкая А.В., Казачкова Э.А., Воропаева Е.Е., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казачков Е.Л., Затворницкая А.В., Казачкова Э.А., Воропаева Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazachkov E.L., Zatvornitskaya A.V., Kazachkova E.A., Voropaeva E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/916">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/916</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>В в е д е н и е</title><p>В в е д е н и е . Микросателлитная нестабильность исторически тесно связана с развитием онкологических процессов. Интерес вызывает ранняя диагностика микросателлитной нестабильности как предопухолевого маркера, в том числе и в случае гиперплазии эндометрия (ГЭ), признанной предопухолевым процессом. Идентификация мутационного профиля, характерного для злокачественных опухолей, при доброкачественном заболевании позволяет совершенствовать прогностические модели и терапевтическую тактику.</p></sec><sec><title>Ц е л ь</title><p>Ц е л ь . Определение клинико-анамнестических особенностей пациенток с ГЭ и эндометриоидной аденокарциномой в сравнительном аспекте, а также структурных особенностей микросателлитной нестабильности в эндометрии у пациенток с данной патологией.</p><p>М а т е р и а л ы и м е т о д ы . В исследовании приняли участие 120 женщин, которые были распределены в 4 группы: I группа – пациентки с ГЭ без атипии (n = 30); II группа – пациентки с атипической ГЭ (n = 30); III группа – пациентки с эндометриоидной аденокарциномой (n = 30); IV группа – соматически и гинекологически здоровые женщины (n = 30). Проводили сравнительное морфологическое исследование образцов эндометрия и оценивали уровни экспрессии комплекса белков MLH-1, MSH-2, MSH-6 и PMS-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Р е з у л ь т а т ы</title><p>Р е з у л ь т а т ы . Выявлено, что большинство пациенток с ГЭ без атипии, атипической ГЭ, эндометриоидной аденокарциномой предъявляют жалобы на аномальные маточные кровотечения; соматический анамнез пациенток данных групп отличается присутствием заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой и эндокринной систем, а для гинекологического анамнеза характерно наличие миомы матки, доброкачественных заболеваний молочных желез и воспалительных заболеваний органов малого таза. Зарегистрировано снижение уровня экспрессии MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2 и MSH-6 в биоптатах эндометрия женщин с ГЭ.</p></sec><sec><title>З а к л ю ч е н и е</title><p>З а к л ю ч е н и е . Снижение уровня экспрессии MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2 и MSH-6 в биоптатах эндометрия, вероятно, можно рассматривать в качестве предиктора предопухолевой трансформации, что требует дальнейшего изучения с целью разработки программы оценки риска малигнизации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>I n t r o d u c t i o n</title><p>I n t r o d u c t i o n . Microsatellite instability is historically closely associated with the development of oncological processes. Early diagnosis of microsatellite instability as a marker for premalignancy, including in the case of endometrial hyperplasia (EH), which is recognized as a premalignancy lesion, is of interest. Identifi cation of the mutational profile characteristic of malignant tumors in benign disease makes it possible to improve prognostic models and therapeutic tactics.</p></sec><sec><title>A i m</title><p>A i m . Determination of clinical and anamnestic features of patients with EH and endometrioid adenocarcinoma in a comparative aspect, as well as structural features of microsatellite instability in the endometrium in patients with this pathology.</p><p>M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The study involved 120 women who were divided into 4 groups: group I – EH patients without atypia (n = 30); group II – patients with atypical EH (n = 30); group III – patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma (n = 30); group IV – healthy women without somatic and gynecological pathology (n = 30). A comparative morphological study of endometrial samples was performed and levels of MLH-1, MSH-2, MSH-6 and PMS-2 expression were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>R e s u l t s</title><p>R e s u l t s . It was revealed that most EH patients without atypia, patients with atypical EH, endometrioid adenocarcinoma complained of abnormal uterine bleeding; the history of patients of these groups is characterized by the presence of cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, and the gynecological history is characterized by the presence of uterine fibroids, benign breast diseases and pelvic infl ammatory diseases. There was found a decrease in the MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2 and MSH-6 expression in endometrial biopsies of women with EH.</p></sec><sec><title>C o n c l u s i o n</title><p>C o n c l u s i o n . Decreased expression of MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2 and MSH-6 in endometrial biopsies can probably be considered as a predictor of premalignant transformation, which requires further study in order to develop a program of malignancy risk assessment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микросателлитаная нестабильность</kwd><kwd>гиперплазия эндометрия</kwd><kwd>эндометриоидная аденокарцинома</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microsatellite instability</kwd><kwd>endometrial hyperplasia</kwd><kwd>endometrioid adenocarcinoma</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2020 году (заболеваемость и смертность) / под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена, 2021. 252 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaprina A.D., Starinsky V.V., Shakhzadova A.O. (eds.) 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