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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jsms</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Novosibirsk state medical university" of  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE NSMU MOH Russia)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31549/2542-1174-2023-7-4-7-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jsms-985</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфологические особенности и микробиота тонкой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological features and microbiota of the small intestine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4071-955X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецов Алексей Владимирович – д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Kuznetsov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy</p><p>52, Krasny prosp., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1xo2788353@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7227-4471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокин</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokin</surname><given-names>О. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокин Олег Викторович – канд. мед. наук, генеральный директор</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Sorokin – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Director General</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-1665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костина Лариса Юрьевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa Yu. Kostina – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8200-3998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпов Михаил Александрович – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры патологической анатомии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Karpov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pathological Anatomy</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0400-1011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надеев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadeev</surname><given-names>А. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надеев Александр Петрович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой патологической анатомии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr P. Nadeev – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Pathological Anatomy</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8081-3819</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгов Владимир Васильевич – студент 4-го курса лечебного факультета</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Dolgov – 4th year Student</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-6860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глазков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glazkov</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глазков Артур Александрович – врач-ординатор кафедры госпитальной и детской хирургии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur A. Glazkov – Resident Physician, Department of Hospital and Pediatric Surgery</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ВедаГенетика»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>VedaGenetics LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецов А.В., Сорокин О.В., Костина Л.Ю., Карпов М.А., Надеев А.П., Долгов В.В., Глазков А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов А.В., Сорокин О.В., Костина Л.Ю., Карпов М.А., Надеев А.П., Долгов В.В., Глазков А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov А.V., Sorokin О.V., Kostina L.Y., Karpov M.A., Nadeev А.P., Dolgov V.V., Glazkov А.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/985">https://jsms.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/985</self-uri><abstract><p>В в е д е н и е . Несмотря на свою протяженность и функциональное разнообразие, тонкая кишка рассматривается при хирургических операциях как единый орган, без четкого деления на отделы. Проблема несостоятельности кишечных анастомозов до сих пор не решена и составляет от 3.4 до 15.3 % с летальностью до 18.6 %. Выявление анатомических особенностей разных отделов тонкой кишки и их содержимого имеет практическое значение в хирургической практике с позиции профилактики осложнений. Ц е л ь . Выявление морфологических особенностей разных отелов тонкой кишки и микробиоты. М а т е р и а л ы  и  м е т о д ы . Проведено изучение 26 органокомплексов тонкой кишки на этапе аутопсии. На разном удалении от связки Трейтца изучены морфологические особенности тонкой кишки, состав внутрипросветной микробиоты, а также лейкоцитарная инфильтрация стенки кишки. Р е з у л ь т а т ы . Морфологические характеристики тонкой кишки носят как индивидуальный (длина), так и общераспространенный (изменение венозной архитектоники и постепенное уменьшение диаметра кишки в каудальном направлении) характер. Количество и клеточный состав лейкоцитов в стенке тонкой кишки приблизительно одинаковы, что обеспечивает равную иммунологическую защиту вне зависимости от удаленности от связки Трейтца. Концентрация микробных популяций и их качественный состав меняются на разном протяжении тонкой кишки, с постепенным повышением к терминальному отделу. Изменения качественного и количественного состава микробиоты в просвете кишки не приводит к изменению лейкоцитарной реакции. З а к л ю ч е н и е . При планировании и проведении хирургической операции необходимо учитывать наличие разного объема и видового состава бактериальной массы, а также морфологические особенности разных отделов тонкой кишки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>I n t r o d u c t i o n . Despite its length and functional diversity, the small intestine is considered during surgical operations as a single organ, without a clear division into segments. The problem of intestinal anastomotic leakage has not yet been resolved, and its proportion is from 3.4 to 15.3%, with a mortality rate of up to 18.6%. Identification of the anatomical features of different segments of the small intestine and their contents is of practical importance in surgery in terms of prevention of complications. A i m . Identification of morphological features of different segments of the small intestine and their microbiota. M a t e r i a l s  a n d  m e t h o d s . An examination of 26 samples of the small intestine during autopsy was performed. The morphological features of the small intestine, its intraluminal microbiota composition, as well as leukocyte infiltration of the intestinal wall were studied at different distances from the ligament of Treitz. R e s u l t s . The morphological characteristics of the small intestine are both individual (length) and common (changes in venous architectonics and a gradual decrease in intestinal diameter in the caudal direction). The number and cellular composition of leukocytes in the wall of the small intestine are approximately the same, which provides equal immunological protection regardless of the distance from the ligament of Treitz. The concentration of microbial communities and their qualitative composition change at different lengths of the small intestine, with a gradual increase towards the terminal segment. Changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota in the intestinal lumen do not lead to changes in the leukocyte reaction. C o n c l u s i o n . When planning and performing a surgical operation, it is necessary to take into account the presence of different volumes and species composition of the bacterial load, as well as the morphological characteristics of different segments of the small intestine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тонкая кишка</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>микробиота кишечника</kwd><kwd>хирургическая операция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small intestine</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>intestinal microbiota</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миннуллин М.М., Красильников Д.М., Зайнуллин И.В. и др. Хирургическая тактика при изолированных повреждениях тонкой и толстой кишки // Практическая медицина. 2016;5(97):83-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minnullin М.М., Krasilnikov D.М., Zainullin I.V. et al. 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