Состояние стенки каротидной артерии у молодых лиц с отягощенным по артериальной гипертензии анамнезом

Аннотация

For the purpose of studying of parameters of a functional state of an vascular endothelium in persons with the family anamnesis burdened on the arterial hypertension for definition of tactics of further observation and treatment it was conducted the research of 95 young people (58 women and 37 men) from 17 up to 28 years old (middle age 23.9 ± 2.7) with the hereditary burden on the arterial hypertension. The control group was formed 24 people from 18 up to 28 years old without cardiovascular pathology, serious chronic diseases and the arterial unfortunate anamnesis on the arterial hypertension. Depending on the blood pressure level patients have been divided into 3 groups: group 1 - patients with the arterial hypertension; group 2 - patients with high normal blood pressure; group 3 - persons with the normal blood pressure level. They conducted ultrasound investigation of a brachial artery, of the common carotid artery. They estimated an endothelium-depended vasodilation during the test with reactive hyperemia. They counted indicators of rigidity of a vascular wall, pulse wave velocity. In groups 1st and 2nd an endotelium-depended vasodilation was lower on the average 1.3 times in comparison with control. The greatest average index of the thickness of intima - media complex of the common carotid artery was observed in persons from group 1, by 12.5 % reliably exceeding a similar indicator in group 3 and in control group. Therefore, in persons with the hereditary burden on the arterial hypertension the thickness of intima - media complex of the common carotid artery was increased according to increase of the blood pressure level. Average indexes of coefficient of cross extensibility of a wall of an artery in groups 1-3 were reliably less also by 40, 30 and 17.8 % respectively in comparison with control. It was revealed the reliable increase in pulse wave velocity through the vessels of elastic type in 1st and 2nd groups exceeding by 22 and 18 % index of a similar indicator in control group, respectively. Thus, the patients with the hereditary burden on the arterial hypertension have the dysfunction an endothelium of vessels, as evidensed by disorder of the vasomotor reaction of the brachial artery, the increase of thickness of intima - media complex of the common carotid artery, the decrease in its elastic properties and the increase in a rigidity of a vascular wall.