Nutritional status and methods of its evaluation in patients on hemodialysis (literature review)
https://doi.org/10.31549/2542-1174-2020-1-116-127
Abstract
In recent years, the number of patients with terminal kidney failure has been increasing by 7% annually, which exceeds the growth rate of the world population five times. Despite the use of methods of renal replacement therapy, which contributes to an increase in life expectancy, the lethality remains persistently high. A number of studies has shown that, in contrast to the general population, in patients receiving renal replacement therapy with program hemodialysis a lower lethality rate is among patients with higher body weight, whereas low body mass index (BMI) values are prognostically unfavourable. This phenomenon has been called “reverse epidemiology” or “obesity paradox”. Numerous studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of nutritional status disorders in patients on hemodialysis, which largely determine their morbidity and lethality. Patients on program hemodialysis have lower BMI compared to individuals of the same age and sex in the general population. Patients on program hemodialysis are at risk of proteinenergy insufficiency development, and the duration of replacement renal therapy contributes to the deterioration of nutritional status. This shows the key role of nutrition and the need to choose the optimal method for nutritional status assessment in this category of patients. Currently, there is no unanimous opinion on the most suitable method for determining overweight and obesity, and whether abdominal obesity is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing program hemodialysis.
About the Authors
I. E. Koroleva
Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Koroleva Inna Evgenyevna — Transfusiologist
130, Nemirovicha-Danchenko Str., Novosibirsk, 630087
E. E. Abramova
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Abramova Ekaterina Eduardova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant, Department of Internal Diseases
N. L. Tov
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Tov Nikita Lvovich — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Internal Diseases
Russian Federation
Tov Nikita Lvovich — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Internal Diseases
E. A. Movchan
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Movchan Elena Anatolyevna — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Internal Diseases n.a. L.D. Sidorova
Russian Federation
Movchan Elena Anatolyevna — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Internal Diseases n.a. L.D. Sidorova
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Review
For citations:
Koroleva I.E., Abramova E.E., Tov N.L., Movchan E.A. Nutritional status and methods of its evaluation in patients on hemodialysis (literature review). Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences. 2020;(1):116-127. https://doi.org/10.31549/2542-1174-2020-1-116-127
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