The results of a comprehensive analysis of clinical, anthropometric data and an assessment of the psycho-emotional status of 62 children and adolescents (mean age 11.8 ± 3.0 years) with atopic dermatitis and overweight or varying degrees of obesity (the main group) are presented. The control group included 60 patients (mean age 10.1 ± 3.6 years) with atopic dermatitis and body weight corresponding to age and gender standards. In the main group, 45.2% were children and adolescents with overweight, and with first-, second- and third-degree obesity were 25.8, 11.3 and 17.7% respectively. The severe course of dermatosis in the main group was recorded 1.4 times more often than in the control group. With the aid of univariate analysis of the treatment efficacy predictors, it was revealed that weight loss and improvement in psycho-emotional state can significantly increase the treatment efficacy of atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, which indicates the advisability of interaction between a dermatologist, endocrinologist and psychotherapist in the treatment of this category of patients.

Introduction. Phenolic compounds that are part of a variety of phytopreparations have an anti-radical and antioxidant effect.

Aim. Studying the influence of carbon disulfide intoxication on the rat blood biochemical parameters and the possibility of their correction with natural plant phenolic compounds from viburnum.

Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on white Wistar male rats. Carbon disulfide intoxication (concentration 2.0 mg/m³) was implemented in a special exposure chamber. The animals were divided into 5 groups: the 1st group was control (intact rats); the 2nd group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks; the 3rd group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by discontinuation for 7 days; the 4th group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by administration of the viburnum extract for 7 days; the 5th group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by silymarin administration for 7 days. The drugs were administered at a dose of 100 mg of total phenols per kilogram of animal weight.

Results. Carbon disulfide intoxication was accompanied by the development of intense hypercholesterolemia; an increase in the fraction of low-density lipoproteins with simultaneous decrease in high-density lipoproteins in blood serum. There was an increase in the level of malondialdehyde, decrease in the superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione amount, which indicates the depletion of the body’s antioxidant defense system. During the withdrawal period of carbon disulfide intoxication for 7 days, the blood biochemical parameters did not recover, which indicates the preservation of free-radical processes. The administration of the viburnum extract and the comparison drug, silymarin, was accompanied by a recovery to the control group level of blood biochemical parameters after carbon disulfide intoxication.

Conclusion. The toxic effect of carbon disulfide causes a change in the studied blood biochemical parameters. The administration of the viburnum extract and silymarin was accompanied by their restoration to the level of the control group, but a more pronounced effect was observed in the viburnum extract due to the presence of oligomeric forms of polyphenols in its composition.

Introduction. Rehabilitation of children in stationary suburban recreation and health improvement organizations (camps) is one of the priority directions for children’s health care and social policy of the state. The introduced total self-isolation regimen in the spring of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the transition to distance education made significant adjustments to the prevailing stereotypes of the daily routine and behavior of children, led to a reduction in the time spent in the open air, a decrease in their physical activity.

Aim of the research. Comparative evaluation of the efficiency indicators of children’s health improvement in the pandemic (2020) and non-epidemic (2018–2019) periods in children’s summer stationary suburban camps for recreation and health promotion.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out as a part of the pilot project implementation “Evaluation of the Health Improvement Efficiency” (2018–2020) on the territory of 15 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The information was collected and analyzed using the software “Evaluation of the Organization of Children’s Health Improvement in Stationary Suburban Recreation and Health Promotion Camps”, developed by the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene of Federal Service for the Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare (Novosibirsk). The object of the study was children aged 7–17 years (n = 85 666) who had a rest in 134 stationary recreation and health improvement camps in the summer of 2018–2020. To determine the efficiency of recuperation, such indicators as the length and weight of the body, lung capacity, hand strength and their dynamics were assessed during the period of the health improving shift. Evaluation of the results was carried out in accordance with 2.4.4.0127-18 “Methodology for Evaluating the Efficiency of Health Improvement in Stationary Organizations for Recreation and Health Promotion of Children” guidelines. 

Results. It was revealed a decrease in the proportion of children with a high efficiency of health improvement in 2020 in comparison with 2018–2019 due to the lack of positive dynamics of hand strength and vital capacity of the lungs indicators, as well as negative dynamics of body mass index.

Conclusion. The lower indicators of the efficiency of children’s health improvement are due to a considerable decrease in physical activity and the time spent in the open air in the period preceding the summer health-improving season of 2020.

The article presents the characteristics of serotonergic drugs (mode of action, classification, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, drug interactions with medicinal products of other pharmacological groups). The domestic pharmaceutical market of serotonergic drug products (DP) and substances for their production registered in the Russian Federation (RF) was analyzed. It was established that the pharmaceutical market of serotonergic agents in the RF is quite diverse. Various pharmacological groups of drugs (anxiolytic, antiemetic, vasodilatory and peripheral circulation improving, evacuant, hemostatic and anti-migraine agents) are presented in various dosage forms (tablets — 5.71%; film-coated tablets — 41.43%; injectable solution for intravenous and intramuscular use — 34.28%; concentrate for preparation of solution for injections — 8.57%; solutions for intravenous administration and rectal suppositories — by 2.86%; syrup, freeze-dried tablets and capsules — by 1.43%). The leading role in the Russian pharmaceutical market belongs to domestic manufacturers of serotonergic DP (59.70%), which are mainly presented by generic drugs. Foreign manufacturers own 40.30% of the market for serotonergic DP, with the leading positions held by manufacturers of India (8.96%), Switzerland (5.97%), Israel (4.48%). The analysis of the range of pharmaceutical substances for the production of serotonergic DP showed that the Russian pharmaceutical market is dominated by foreign manufacturers (52.38%). The proportion of domestic providers accounts for 47.62% of the manufacturers of substances registered in the Russian Federation.

The study aimed to determine the predictive capabilities of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) for assessing the effectiveness of eradication therapy in Helicobacter pylori (HP) infected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study involved 60 patients of both sexes with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic HP-associated gastritis, the average age of patients was 61.9 years, average duration of type 2 diabetes was 10.1 years. For statistical analysis of the data, we used the method of constructing ROC curves, which allowed us to identify prognostic factors (in this case, gastroenterological syndromes, such as abdominal pain, reflux, indigestion, diarrhea and constipation) that influence the effectiveness of eradication therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. It was found that high values of reflux and indigestion syndromes scales of the GSRS are associated with the probability of low eradication therapy response in patients with type 2 diabetes, i.e. these syndromes can act as complicating factors for the elimination of Helicobacter pylori. The obtained data suggest the need for screening diagnostics of Helicobacter pylori, clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal pathology and subsequent etiological and pathogenetic treatment.

The study involved 107 women aged 20 to 52 years with chronic recurrent cystitis (57 of them with leukoplakia) developing under conditions of a pathogenic and/or opportunistic infection. All patients underwent a conventional clinical and instrumental examination. Biopsy samples for culture-based and microscopic examination were taken from the area of the Pawlik’s trigone of the vagina and the Lieutaud’s trigone of the urinary bladder, in case of leukoplakia — from the fi eld of visually healthy tissue. The carried out cytomorphological analysis and assessment of pathological processes in the adjacent tissues suggest that the infection from the vagina penetrates through the intersynaptic clefts, interstitial cell nests, the blood and lymphatic microcirculatory system into the bladder, causing cystitis inherent changes — from initial morphological forms to rough ones, up to leukoplakia. A complex of clinical, functional and pathomorphological changes that fi t into the framework of the chronic cystovaginitis concept was identified.

Introduction. Opisthorchiasis on the territory of Russia has a predominantly superinvasive form, i.e., the disease in hyperendemic foci proceeds with more severe manifestations and structural changes in the parasite’s ecological niche (liver, pancreas). With superinvasive opisthorchiasis (SO) in humans and animals, granulomatous inflammation with the formation of granulomas is observed.

Aim of the research. To reveal the features of the granulomatous process in the liver and pancreas after partial hepatectomy in the setting of superinvasive opisthorchiasis in Syrian hamsters.

Materials and methods. Research animals were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 180) — SO modeling by introducing into the stomach of 50 Opisthorchis (O.) felineus metacercariae, superinvasions with 50 O. felineus metacercariae were repeated on the 6, 16th days after the primary infestation; group 2 (n = 86) — modeling of SO according to the same scheme as for group 1, and partial hepatectomy (PHE) (removal of the median lobe of an organ, 17.3–17.7% from its mass) on the 16th day after the last superinvasion. The animals were removed from the experiment on 7, 16th, 23rd, 32nd, 38, 120, 240th day. The study of liver and pancreas preparations was carried out using histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical methods.

Results. The types, morphogenesis, course, outcomes of granulomas in the liver and pancreas were revealed. The factors of granuloma formation were the secretome, eggs and metabolites of O. felineus in both experimental groups.

Conclusion. Granulomatosis in superinvasive opisthorchiasis, including after PHE, is an emergent state of the parasite-host system due to the accumulation of antigenic material in an amount exceeding the nonequilibrium state in this system. The regenerative process in the group of animals after PHE in the SO setting does not affect granulomatous inflammation and the formation of granulomas.

Cancer is a generic term that groups different types of malignant tumors. Each of them has a specific name according to the tissue that gave birth to it. It appears when cells multiply in an uncontrolled manner and take the place of healthy cells. Deaths from cancer are mainly due to damage caused by metastases. This is why it is important to diagnose the disease early, before it spreads in the body. After the diagnosis announcement, cancer management is put in place: it involves several treatments that are articulated throughout the course of care. Cancers have the particularity of reacting differently to treatments. Some types of cancer are best treated with surgery. Others respond better to drugs called chemotherapy. It often happens that several treatments are administered together to ensure the best possible results. Studies have so far focused largely on the tumor cell itself. The new challenge for researchers is now to understand how these cells interact with their immediate environment. What processes do they put in place to escape the immune system or to successfully spread? Understanding these mechanisms could lead to the development of new types of treatment.

The prevalence of genetic abnormalities in men with infertility is 5.8% (n = 9766), of which 4.2% are sex chromosome abnormalities and 1.5% are autosomal abnormalities. In the Russian Federation, this indicator varies from 4.72% (n = 539) (Novosibirsk) to 10.78% (n = 204) (St. Petersburg, the Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott) — the percentage of detectability probably depends on the concentration of patients in specialized institutions. Given the high frequency of genetic abnormalities in infertile men, it is necessary to correctly select diagnostic methods in accordance with the specific clinical situation. When the concentration of spermatozoa decreases to less than 10 million/ml, karyotyping is recommended; at a concentration of less than 5 million/ml, the search for AZF deletions is necessary; in severe disorders of spermatogenesis — the detection of mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene (CFTR). To confirm genetically determined asthenozoospermia, the electron microscopy of spermatozoa is required. Taking into account the development of assisted reproductive technologies, including the active use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and the relationship of sperm pathology with severe genetically determined diseases, it is necessary to inform potential parents what risks to the health of future children the use of such material carries.

Introduction. Approaches to the stable coronary heart disease (CHD) treatment have been the subject to debate a long time. One of the first and fundamental studies in the treatment of stable coronary heart disease patients is the COURAGE trial, which showed the advantage of rational drug therapy in comparison with percutaneous intervention in such patients. However, the CHD high prevalence with medical and social significance necessitate the future consideration of the relationship between medical, that is conservative, and invasive approaches in treatment of this disease. It was particularly the focus of the recently completed multicentre ISCHEMIA trial. Another urgent problem of modern cardiology is myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive (<50% luminal occlusion) coronary arteries (INOCA) identified in approximately 70% of patients who underwent coronary angiography.

Aim of the research. Analysis of the available data on the management of stable CHD patients based on the ISCHEMIA trial data and review of publications on the INOCA problem.

Results. In the ISCHEMIA trial, the occurrence rate of the primary outcome (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), resuscitated cardiac arrest, hospitalization for chronic heart failure) was 13.3% in the routine invasive strategy group and 15.5% in the conservative strategy group (p = 0.34). The occurrence rate of the main secondary outcomes also did not differ between the groups significantly. Quality of life in the invasive group was higher only in patients who had angina at baseline. The study subanalysis demonstrated that borderline left coronary artery stenosis is associated with a poor prognosis, and an invasive strategy relieves the angina symptoms. Women who participated in the ISCHEMIA trial had a higher incidence of angina attacks, despite less extensive coronary arteries (CA) lesions and less severe ischemia manifestations than men. Among patients with stable CHD accompanied with moderate to severe ischemia and severe chronic kidney disease patients, no evidence for the benefit of the initial invasive strategy in reducing the risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction compared to the conservative strategy was found. As for ischemia in non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA), it is diagnosed in at least one in five patients who have undergone coronary angiography. This requires the search for new diagnostic methods, verification of risk factors, causes, and optimal treatment approaches.

Conclusion. The ISCHEMIA trial data demonstrated the necessity for a more careful selection of patients with stable CHD for invasive treatment, taking into account the angina pectoris severity and modern antianginal therapy possibilities. Management of patients with myocardial ischemia accompanied by non-obstructive CA lesions should be carried out on the basis of the EAPCI Expert Consensus Document on Ischaemia with INOCA (2020) which discusses the genesis of angina, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

The review considers the experience of neural networks use in assessing the results of intravascular ultrasound investigation (detection of vulnerable plaques, extraction of the lumen and layers of the vessel wall, prediction of the fractional flow reserve).

In the modern world, the corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an important factor that determines the optimal use of resources for the sustainable development of the organization. The CSR is not just the responsibility of an organization to the state, people and other organizations that it encounters in the course of its activities, but the philosophy of a company that takes care of its reputation and competitive advantages in its development, as well as ensuring a decent standard of living for its employees. The pharmaceutical business, including pharmacy, is one of the most important and socially significant branches of the modern economy of the country. However, the problems of social responsibility of pharmaceutical market participants remained outside the scope of interests of domestic scientists. The above highlights the relevance and scientific novelty of the study. The aim of the research was to study the social responsibility in the field of pharmacy business. The materials of the study were primary sources of information (questionnaires) and secondary were the official websites of pharmacy chains in Russia. This article presents the theoretical aspect of the CSR (theories proposed by A. Carnegie, H. Bowen, A. Carroll, M. Friedman, etc., the main normative documents on CSR), as well as the practical aspect — the implementation of the results of this study in the educational process. The results of the analysis of public information provided on the official websites of pharmacies are presented. It is established that the information is fragmentary, the managers of pharmacy chains do not have sufficient knowledge about the concept of the CSR. The motives for developing innovative classes on the topic under study for students of pharmaceutical educational institutions are described.